Keupayaan Masjid Wilayah Persekutuan, Kuala Lumpur Sebagai Pusat Pembangunan Bella Setempat Dari Pandangan Pegawai Dan Ahli Jawatankuasa

Belia sering dikaitkan dengan masalah sosial yang berlaku dalam masyarakat. Masalah tersebut adalah gejala-gejala seperti juvana, penyalahgunaan dadah, ponteng sekolah, tidak minat untuk belajar, budaya lepak dan bohsia. Walau bagaimanapun, sebenamya belia bukan tanpa keupayaan, keyakinan, intelek dan potensi-potensi lain yang positif, tetapi mereka hanya kurang bimbingan. Antara agensi utama boleh berperanan dalam pembangunan belia secara mendalam ialah masjid. Masjid, sebagai institusi NGO's mempunyai potensi yang amat besar untuk berperanan membimbing golongan belia

Perbezaan etnik di dalam kesan hipokalemia di sebabkan oleh beta-2 agonist

Saya telah mengkaji dua puluh orang wanita sepuluh keturunan Melayu dan sepuluh Cina. Mereka telah di kaji selama dua kali selepas di berikan samaada Terbutaline (5Mg) atau Plasebo. Penemuan yang utama ialah kadar kalium selepas Inhalasi Terbutaline lebih rendah di kalangan keturanan Ciba kalau di bandingkan dengan keturunan keturunan Melayu. Berbezaan di dapati samaada dari sudut purata tahap kalium. Selepas inhalasi mahu pun dari sudut jumlah mereka yang mengalami hipokalemia selepas inhalasi. Penemuan ini mungkin di sebabkan kesensitifan reseptor beta-2 di kalangan keturunan Cina lebih daripada keturunan Melayu. Ini mempunyai implikasi klinikal yang penting kerana kekuatan ubat untuk berlainan kaum yang perlu di preskripsi oleh doktor untuk kaum-kaum tertentu mungkin berbeza. Perkara ini akan menjadi tumpuan seterusnya penyelidikan saya di masa hadapan

Detection of lard in vegetable oils

The presence of animal fats, in particular lard (pig fat), in any product is of real concern to some communities, especially Muslims and Jews, due to the religious prohibition of these commodities. This is especially so when lard is used as substitute for vegetable oils in foods or other consumer goods such as cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. Manufactures and producers alike should be sensitive towards the issues of unlawful material in these products as halal and kosher markets are expected to proliferate in the coming years. This article highlights some analytical techniques proposed to detect and to quantify lard in vegetable oils such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), chromatographic-based techniques, and electronic nose (EN)

Development Of A Semi-Swath Craft For Malaysian Waters

Small Waterplane Area Twin Hull (SWATH) and Catamaran vessels are known to have more stable platform as compared to mono-hulls. A further advantage of SWATH as compared to Catamaran is its smaller waterplane area that provides better seakeeping qualities. However, the significant drawback of the SWATH vessel is when encountering head-sea at high forward speed. Due to its low stiffness, it has a tendency for large pitch motions. Consequently, this may lead to excessive trim or even deck wetness. This phenomenon will not only degrade the comfortability but also results in structural damage with greater safety risks. In this research a modified SWATH design is proposed. The proposed design concept represents a combination of Catamaran and SWATH vessel hull features that will lead to reduce in bow-diving but still maintains good seakeeping capabilities. This is then called the Semi- SWATH vessel. In addition, the full-design of this vessel has been equipped by fixed fore fins and controllable aft fins attached on each lower hull. In the development of controllable aft fins, the PID controller system was applied to obtain an optimal vessel’s ride performance at speeds of 15 (medium) and 20 (high) knots. In this research work, the seakeeping performance of Semi-SWATH vessel was evaluated using time-domain simulation approach. The effect of fin stabilizer on the bare hull performance is considered. The validity of numerical evaluation was then compared with model experiments carried out in the Towing Tank at Marine Technology Laboratory, UTM. It is shown that the Semi-SWATH vessel with controllable fin stabilizer can have significantly reduction by about 42.57% of heave motion and 48.80% of pitch motion

Determination of extra virgin olive oil in quaternary mixture using FTIR spectroscopy and multivariate calibration.

The purpose of this study was to optimize Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy in combination with multivariate calibrations (partial least square and principle component regression) for determination of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) in quaternary mixture systems with grape seed oil (GSO), rice bran oil (RBO) and walnut oil (WO). FTIR spectra of EVOO in quaternary mixtures were subjected to several treatments including mean centering (MC), standard normal variate, and spectra derivatives. The combined frequency regions of 1200–900 and 2949–2885 cm–1 were used for determination of EVOO. Using partial least square calibration, FTIR normal spectra treated with MC model give the highest values of coefficient of determination (R2) and the lowest values of root mean square error of calibration (RMSEC). The R2 value obtained for the relationship between actual and FTIR predicted value of EVOO was >0.99 with RMSEC value of 1.55% (v/v). The developed PLS model was further used to calculate EVOO in prediction samples, and the root mean square error of prediction obtained was 3.65% (v/v)

Application of Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy combined with chemometrics for authentication of cod-liver oil

Some vegetable oils such as canola (CaO), corn (CO), soybean (SO), and walnut (WO) oils have similar color with cod liver oil (CLO), therefore, the presence of these oils was difficult to detect using naked eye. For this reason, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy using horizontal attenuated total reflectance (HATR) as sampling accessory and in the combination with chemometrics was developed for detection and quantification of these vegetable oils as adulterants in CLO. The quantification of vegetable oils was carried out by using multivariate calibrations of partial least squares (PLS) and principle component regression (PCR), while the classification between pure CLO and CLOs adulterated with CaO, CO, SO, and WO was performed using discriminant analysis (DA). PLS with FTIR normal spectra was more suitable compared with PCR for quantification purposes with coefficient of determination (R2) higher than 0.99 and root mean square error of calibration (RMSEC) in the range of 0.04–0.82% (v/v). The PLS model was further used to predict the levels of these vegetable oils in independent samples for validation/prediction purpose. The root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) values obtained were of 1.75% (v/v) (CaO), 1.39% (v/v) (CO), 1.35% (v/v) (SO), and 1.37% (v/v) (WO), respectively. The classification using DA revealed that the developed method can classify CLO and that mixed with these vegetable oils using 9 principal components

The chemometrics approach applied to FTIR spectral data for the analysis of rice bran oil in extra virgin olive oil

Among eleven studied vegetable oils, rice bran oil (RBO) has the close similarity to extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) in terms of FTIR spectra, as shown in the score plot of first and second principal components. The peak intensities at 18 frequency regions were used as matrix variables in principal component analysis (PCA). Consequently, the presence of RBO in EVOO is difficult to detect. This study aimed to use the chemometrics approach, namely discriminant analysis (DA) and multivariate calibrations of partial least square and principle component regression to analyze RBO in EVOO. DA was used for the classification of EVOO and EVOO mixed with RBO. Multivariate calibrations were exploited for the quantification of RBO in EVOO. The combined frequency regions of 1200-900 and 3020-3000cm -1 were used for such analysis. The results showed that no misclassification was reported for the classification of EVOO and EVOO mixed with RBO. Partial least square regression either using normal or first derivative FTIR spectra can be successfully used for the quantification of RBO in EVOO. In addition, analysis of fatty acid composition can complement the results obtained from FTIR spectral data

Authentication analysis of cod liver oil from beef fat using fatty acid composition and FTIR spectra

This study aimed to authenticate cod liver oil (CLO) from beef fat (BF) by determining the level of BF as a fat adulterant in CLO. Two instrumental techniques, namely GC-FID for fatty acid analysis and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, were exploited for such authentication. The decreased level of some fatty acids, especially eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), could be used as an indicative means to detect the adulteration of CLO with BF. In addition, FTIR spectroscopy combined with partial least-squares (PLS) at frequency regions of 1200-1000 cm -1 was successfully developed for the quantification of BF in CLO. Using the PLS model, the errors obtained in calibration and prediction samples were 0.55% and 0.82% v/v, respectively

Simultaneous quantitative analysis of two functional food oils, extra virgin olive oil and virgin coconut oil using FTIR spectroscopy and multivariate calibration

Two functional food oils, namely extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) and virgin coconut oil (VCO) have been analyzed simultaneously using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The performance of multivariate calibration of principle component regression (PCR) and partial least square regression (PLSR) was evaluated in order to give the best prediction model for such determination. FTIR spectra were treated with several treatments including mean centering (MC), derivatization, and standard normal variate (SNV) at the combined frequency regions of 3050 – 3000, 1660 – 1650, and 1200 – 900 cm-1. Based on its capability to give the highest values of coefficient of correlation (R) for the relationship between actual value of EVOO/VCO and FTIR predicted value together with the lowest values of root mean square error of calibration (RMSEC), PLSR with mean centered-first derivative spectra was chosen for simultaneous determination of EVOO and VCO. It can be concluded that FTIR spectroscopy combined with multivariate calibration of PLSR was successfully applied to simultaneously quantify EVOO and VCO with acceptable parameters

The optimization of FTIR spectroscopy combined with partial least square for analysis of animal fats in quartenary mixtures.

Four types of animal fats, namely lard (LD) and body fats of lamb (LBF), cow (Cow-BF) and chicken (Ch-BF), in quaternary mixtures were quantitatively analyzed using FTIR spectroscopy in combination with multivariate calibration of partial least square (PLS). The animal fats, either individual or in quaternary mixtures, were subjected to horizontal total attenuated total reflectance (HATR) as sample handling technique and scanned at mid-infrared region (4000-650 cm-1) with resolution of 4 cm-1 and with 32 interferograms. PLS calibration revealed that the first derivative FTIR spectrum was well suited for the correlation between actual value of LD and FTIR calculated value. The other animal fats (LBF, Cow-BF and Ch-BF) were better determined using normal FTIR spectra. The coefficient of determination (R 2) obtained using the optimized spectral treatments was higher than 0.99. The root mean standard error of calibration (RMSEC) values obtained were in the range of 0.773-1.55. Analysis of animal fats using FTIR spectroscopy allows rapid, no excessive sample preparation, and can be regarded as "green analytical technique" due to the absence of solvent and chemical reagent used during the analysis